MMM Reference Model

The MMM framework provides mechanisms to define reference models which can be adapted by Model Processors in order to consider proband specific parameters.

Kinematic Specifications of the MMM Model

This reference model has been created regarding the definitions used in Winter ("Biomechanics and motor control of human movement", David A. Winter). Below you can see the joint positions in the image below and their normalized positions in the table below regarding the body length L in horizontal and vertical directions.

For example, given a model size of L=1,70m the size of the upper arm segment can be determined by multiplying the size L with the factor 0,188 (LS to LE) which results in a segment size of 31,96cm.

The second table shows the names of the joints, and the decomposition of the acronyms, to give a better understanding, why those acronyms were chosen.

MMM model kinematic specification

	vertical direction	horizontal direction
Floor to RA/LA	0,039	0,000
RA to RK, LA to LK	0,246	0,000
RK to RH, LK to LH	0,245	0,000
RH/LH to BP	0,040	0,052
BP to BT	0,060	0,000
BT to RSC/LSC	0,188	0,087
RSC to RS, LSC to LS	0,000	0,023
RS to RE, LS to LE	0,188	0,000
RE to RW, LE to LW	0.145	0,000
RW/LW to Fingertips	0.108	0,000
BT to BLN	0,210	0,000
BLN to BUN	0,030	0,000
BUN to Tip of Head	0,130	0,000

Normalized segment lengths regarding body height L.

joint name	decomposition
RA/LA	Right/Left Ankle
RK/LK	Right/Left Knee
RH/LH	Right/Left Hip
BP	Body Pelvis
BT	Body Torso
BLN	Body Lower Neck
BUN	Body Upper Neck
RSC/LSC	Right/Left Shoulder Claviculum
RS/LS	Right/Left Shoulder
RE/LE	Right/Left Ellbow
RW/LW	Right/Left Wrist

Dynamic Specifications of the MMM Model

Will be specified later.

Probad Specific Adaption of MMM Models

The MMM::Model may be processed by a MMM Model Processor in order to adapt the kinematic and dynamic structure as well as the appearance to proband specific parameters.